Who was King Oscar I of Sweden?

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On 4 July 1799, Oscar was born in Paris, then a part of the French Republic. Napoleon Bonaparte himself chose the name Oscar after one of the heroes  in the Poems of Ossian by James Macpherson. (Via Johan Bengtsson @ Twitter)


Family


Oscars parents were King Charles XIV of Sweden and Désirée Clary. 
His paternal grandparents were Henri Bernadotte and Jeanne de Saint-Jean.
Désirée Clary was the daughter of a wealthy silk merchant and her sister July Clary married Joseph Bonaparte. July Clary became queen of Naples and Sicily.

It was Joseph Bonaparte, the brother of Napoleon, who was the godfather of Oscar of Sweden. (Via Johan Bengtsson @ Twitter) 

King Oscar I of Sweden was a member of the House of Bernadotte.




On 21 August 1810, Oscars father Charles XIV was elected at the Riksdag of the Estates as King Charles XIII had no heirs. On that day, Oscar was created Prince of Sweden with the style your Royal
Highness. He also received the title Duke of Södermanland. Prince Alexander of Sweden now has this title too.

In July 1811 Oscars mother moved from Paris to Stockholm. Oscar was getting used at the royal court and he learned Swedish. Désirée had more difficulties due to the cold weather.

Youth


In 1816, Oscar was elected an honorary member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. He also was appointed as chancellor of Uppsala University.  In 1818, Oscar became the Crown Prince of Sweden. 

Beethoven offered to teach Oscar music lessons.  He also wrote an opera 'Ryno' when Eduard Brendler died in 1831  and several articles about popular education. (via Johan Bengsston @ Twitter) 


Love and Marriage

In 1823, Prince Oscar married Josephine of Leuchtenberg. She was a daughter of Eugène de Beauharnais and Princess Augusta of Bavaria. The couple would have 5 children together. Oscar also had some natural children (children born outside the marriage). 

Reign


Oscar became King of Sweden and Norway on 8 March 1844. He held the principle of nationality. 

In 1848 he supported Denmark against the Kingdom of Prussia in the First War of Schleswig.




Death


In the 1850's, Oscars health went worse. In 1857 he got paralyzed. He died on 8 July 1859 at the Royal Palace in Stockholm. His eldest son succeeded him as King Charles XV. 

Nowadays, Sweden has a Prince Oscar too. He is the youngest son of  Crown Princess Victoria and her husband Prince Daniel. He has the title: Duke of Skane. 


Source pictures: Wikipedia

Location: Zweden

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